cmd
--------------------------------------
ver DOSʾ汾Ϣ 
winver һʾ汾ϢڴСϵͳ汾汾 
format ̷ /FS: ʽ,:FATFAT32NTFS ,Format D: /FS:NTFS 
mdĿ¼ Ŀ¼ 
replace ԴļҪ滻ļĿ¼ 滻ļ 
ren ԭļļ ļ 
tree νṹʾĿ¼ò-f гڸļļ 
type ļ ʾıļ 
more ļ ʾļ 
doskey Ҫַ
doskey Ҫ= ΪDOSṩ(༭Уµwin2k)磺dirdoskey dir=entsky (doskey dir=dir)doskey dir= 
taskmgr  
chkdsk /F D: Dʾ״̬棻Ӳ/f޸ϵĴ 
tlntadmn telntadmn,tlntadmnѡ3ѡ8,ͿԸtelnetĬ϶˿23Ϊκζ˿ 
exit ˳cmd.exeĿǰò/B˳ǰűcmd.exe 
path ·ִļļ Ϊִļһ· 
cmd һwin2Kʹڡ/eff/en رաչϸ˵cmd /? 
regedit /s עļ ע/Sָģʽ룬κʾ 
regedit /e עļ ע 
cacls ļ ʾ޸ļʿбACLNTFSʽʱ/D û:趨ܾĳûʣ/P û:perm 滻ָûķȨޣ/G û:perm ָûȨޣPerm : N ޣR ȡ W д룬 C (д)F ȫƣcacls D: est.txt /D pub 趨d: est.txtܾpubûʡ 
cacls ļ 鿴ļķûȨб 
REM ı ļע 
netsh 鿴ı
DOSȫ


dos

dos¸ֳ

 dir

 attrib

 cd

 copy

 xcopy

 del

 undelete

 deltree

 dos=high

 doskey

 emm386.exe

 fc

 format

 unformat

 interlnk

 intersvr

 memmaker

 memitem

 mscdex

 msd

 prompt

 ramdrive

 subst

 mem

 "> < >> <<"

 move

 append

 call

 defrag

 device

һDIR ĸʽ

dir [D:][PATH][NAME][[/A][:attrib]][/o:[sorted][/s][/b][/l][/c[h]

(1)dir /a:attrib ȱʡļ(ϵͳļ.ļ)

attrib[:][h/-h]ֻʾļļ.

[r/-r]ֻʾֻļֻļ

[s/-s]ֻʾϵͳļϵͳļ

[a/-a]ֻʾҪ鵵ļǹ鵵ļ

(2)/o[:]sorted:ȱʡȫĸ˳,Ŀ¼ʾļ֮ǰ

/o[n/-n]:ĸ˳ļ˳/ʾ

[e/-e]:չĸ˳/ʾ

[d/-d]:ʱ˳/ʾ

[s/-s]:СӴС/ʾ

[g/-g]:Ŀ¼ļļĿ¼

(3)/s :ԵǰĿ¼Ŀ¼ļб

:dir /s/a/o:n c:\>PRN

cϵĿ¼ļϵĿ¼ļĸ˳ӡ

(4)/B :ֻʾļչ

(5)/L :ȫСдĸļĿ¼б

ѵ:

dir /a еǰĿ¼ļ(ϵͳļ)

dir /ah ļ(Ŀ¼() dir /a-h

dir /as ϵͳļ dir /a-s

dir /ad Ŀ¼ dir /a-d

dir /o ĸ˳

dir /B ֻʾļչ

attrib [+r|-r] [+a|-a] [+s|-s] [+h|-h] [d: ] [name] [/s]

ȱʡ attrib name ʾļ(ļ)

attrib io.sys (Ŀ¼)

shr c:\ io.sys ָΪϵͳ(s) (h) ֻ(r)ļ

Ҳattrib *.sys ʾչΪsysļ

 [+r|-r] ļû ֻ

[+a|-a] ļû 鵵

[+h|-h] ļû  (Ŀ¼Ҳ)

/s  ǰǰĿ¼µļ

ļ

:

attrib news86 news86ĵ

attrib +r report.txt Ϊֻ attrib -s -h record.txt

attrib +a a:*.*

attrib -a a:*.bak

xcopy a: b: /a Aϵб־Ϊ"鵵"ԵļB

xcopy a: b: /m AϵļB̺ȥ鵵

cd : cd...϶Ŀ¼ "."ǰĿ¼ "."Ŀ¼

cd ..\..صϼĿ¼ĸĿ¼(Ŀ¼)

cd A:\ A̵ĵǰĿ¼ΪĿ¼

cd A:\xx A̵ĵǰĿ¼ΪĿ¼xx

cd ..\98 ȷظĿ¼,ٽ븸Ŀ¼µ98Ŀ¼

cd ..صĿ¼

cd\98 Ŀ¼µ98Ŀ¼

ġcopy [/y][/-y][/v][ /B]

copy /y ʾ,ļԸ

/-y ʾ,ļ (yesno )

/v ԺУ

/B ƽʾ

copy w1.wps con/b ԽwpsļĻʾ,ؽwps״̬

copy ..\98 Ŀ¼µ98Ŀ¼µļȫǰĿ¼

copy .\97 ǰĿ¼µ97Ŀ¼ļȫǰĿ¼

copy . c:\ ǰĿ¼µļc̸Ŀ¼

. ζ *.* ļ

copy nul a.abc a.abc ļ(ļȸΪ0)

copy ļ+con ıļ׷

copy con ļ ıļ(F6˳)

copy con prn ӡĿ

塢xcopy

xcopy [source] [d:date] [/p] [/s] [/e] [/v] [/y]

xcopy [d:date] xcopy a:b:\ /d:08/18/98/s/v 98.08.18ļ

xcopy [/p] ʾĿ¼

xcopy [/s] Ŀ¼һ𿽱. ע:ĿϲڴĿ¼,Ŀ

̵Ľֲ"\"Ϊ,ʾ:

does destination specify a file name or directory name on the target

[f=file,d=directory]?

Ŀϴļ[]ǴĿ¼[d] ?Ӧѡd

xcopy[/v] 

*:(1) xcopy ϵͳļ,Ӧ޸ٿ

xcopy [/y] ʱǷʾ, /y ʾ

ʡĿ̻Ŀ¼,򿽱ǰĿ¼

 del /p

/p ɾǰǷʾ

delĿ¼,Ŀ¼ļ(.ϵͳ.ֻļ)ȫɾ,

/pȷ.

ߡundelete [name] /au

ʾؽļָ(ָܹ),ĸó"#",

,"# % & 0 1 2-9 a-z"˳.

:undelete *.dbf/au չΪ"dbf"ļȫָ,"#"ͷ,Ϊļ

, /list гɻָļ,ָ

undelete /load undeleteװڴ

/unload undeleteжڴ

/s[drive]ָм

undelete/sc

 undeleteפڴ,?һsentry Ŀ¼cɾļ

 undelete/ds ָ

Ӧָundeleteָļ(ǳ)

undelete *.*

deltree /y [drive:path]

deltree ɾĿ¼ļ,Щļϵͳļļ

Դͨ,ͨʱ,ɾļĿ¼

:?undelete *.dbf/au չΪ"dbf"ļȫָ,"#"ͷΪļ

.

/list гɻָļ,ָ.

undelete/load undelete װڴ.

/unloadundelete жڴ.

/s[drive] ָмӹ.

undelete/sc undelete פڴ,һsentryĿ¼Cɾ

ļй.Ӧָundelete/ds ָļ().

õundelete *.*

ˡdeltree /y [drive:path]

deltree ɾĿ¼ļ,Щļϵͳ.

Դͨ,ʱɾļĿ¼.

:L1ļ,L2Ŀ¼,L3ļ,L4Ŀ¼

deltree L*.* ɾеļĿ¼,ɾǰȷ,ɾ,

"N".

/y ɾʱȷϾͽв.

ɾļundeleteָ,?ָܻĿ¼µļ,

⹤.NORTON 8.0 .

ǰʹundelete/s,?sentryĿ¼ҵļ,Ѿ

ı.

šdos=high[|low[umb|noumb]]

dos=high,umb dosװ߶ڴ(high)ܹλڴ(umb).

noumb 򲻹λڴ.

дdos=highumb ǰӦװdevice=himem.sys

Ϊ˽װλڴ,ʹdos=umb,ʡ󲿷ֳڴ.

config.sysκλдdos=high,umb

ʾhma not avoiable  load down low ʹø߶ڴ.

ʮdoskey ¼ǰùdos,F7ʾ,""ѡ,F9

ѡ.

doskey/restall װһ,ǰг.

doskey/history ʾڴе,">"ʾļ,д"/H".

doskey dir=cls dirͬclsһ.

doskey/macros ʾеĺ궨,ʹ">"ض嵽ļ,д"/M".

doskey dir= ɳdir ĺ궨.

doskey p=dir$tdir*.exe/p$tdir c:\t$tdir c:\t$*

$tΪַ,$*ΪĽ

doskey/insert(overstrike)?ʱ,Ծ޸ǲ뻹Ǹ

״̬(Ĭ).

ʮһemm386.exe

ṩչڴĹ,ʹӦóʹóڴһܹʹ.

÷ config.sys 

device=c:\dos\himem.sys

device=c:\dos\emm386.exe ram

d=64 DMA ڴΪ64K

noems ṩλڴķ,ṩչڴķ.

ӦעwindowsòҪ,Ϊwindowsжչڴй

ĳ.ӦwindowsеĹ.

ʮfc  fc/b dt.dat dt2.dat>b (ƴȽ)

Ƚļ,һȡ,޸Ϸ洢ļ.

ʵʴλӦ0100 :0000 05E4:00 67

ʵdebug -e ޸ʱӦ0100  0000 06E4:00 67

ضļ">P" ԽȽϽpļ.

ʮformat /q /u /s /n:sectors /f:size /c

/q:ٸʽ,ɨļ͸Ŀ¼,ԸʽĴЧ.

ʹʱӦȷʽûµĻ.

/u:ʽ,ҲԭϵϢ,Էֹ"unformat".

/s:ʽΪϵͳ,Ҳʹ"sys".

/f:size size Ϊ160 180 320 360 720 1200 1440 2800

/n:sector nΪ1 ʽΪ,Ϊ160k 180k

Ϊ4 5ϸʽ360k

Ϊ8 5Ͻ8ĸʽ.

/c ²Ի,ȱʡʱһΪ"",ԺʽʱͲڴ²

,,ʹ"/C"ʱԴ².

ʮġunformat 

format ʽ,δ"/u",޸Ѿ

Ӳ̷,̲.

unformat drive:[/l][/test][/p]

/l ʾÿһunformatֵļĿ¼,û,ֻʾЩ

ļĿ¼,ctrl+s ͣ,.

/test һ,ʵʵ޸,ģ.

/p һ߲һߴӡ.

ע:ַܱ֤޸еļ,ǸʽӹݵĴ.

ָļδsubdir1....2....3Ŀ¼.

ʮ塢interlnk ﷨ interlnk g=e ,ͨڻ򲢿ͨѶ.

ϵeӳΪͻ˵g,ԺԿͻ˶,жg

ζŶԷķ,ȡӳİ취Ϊinterlnk g=

interlnk ʾеӳ.

ע:interlnk װinterlnk.exe 豸ſʹ.

õconfig.?syslastdrv.exeõĿй.һһ

Ϊ25,һΪ9Ĵʵ,߷ʽ:

5 - 7 2 - 15

3 - 2 3 - 13

7 - 4 4 - 12

6 - 6 5 - 10

3 - 3 6 - 11

8 - 5 15 - 2

4 - 20 13 - 3

9 25 12 - 4

10 - 5

11 - 6

25 - 25

25 25

ʮinterlnk.exe intersvr.exe

interlnk.exe ¶ڿͻӡӿڵķ

ӡ.

﷨:config.sys м:

device=c:\dos\interlnk.exe [drive:n][/noprinter][com][lpt]

ʮߡmemmaker[/b][/batch][session][/swap:drive]

ʹmemmakerܹŻڴ,?дautoexec.batconfig.sys.

һ,Ҫλ.

ʮˡmemitem memcolor memdefault submenu ˵ѡinclude

autoexec.bat : config.sys:

path c:\dos;c:\ucdos [menu]

doskey menucolor=15,1(ǰɫ15,ɫ1)

\mouse\mouse menuitem=base_config,this is a base

goto %config% ->ѡ menuitem=cced_config,this is a cced

ѡ ʾ

:base_config menudefault=base_config,5

goto exit -> ȱʡΪbase_config,ӳʱ5

:cced_config [common]

c:\dos\smartdrv.exe /l device=c:\dos\himem.sys

goto exit Ĺͬ

:exit -> [base_config]

device=c:\dos\emm386.exe ram

dos=high,umb

[cced_config]

device=c:\dos\smartdrv.exe/double_buffer

include=base_config base_config

ԸݼڲͬµҪѡ.

ʮšmscdex.exeṩԹждĳ

mscdex/d:drive [/D:drive][/e][/k][/s][/l:letter]

:config.sys device=c:\cdrom\cdrom.sys /d:mscd000

autoexec.bat c:\dos\mscdex /d:mscd000 /l:g

һ,Ϊg

/d:drive1Ϊݺ,config.sysеķһ,ж

/d:mscd000 /d:mscd001

/e:ʹչڴװ.

/s:ʹms_netwindowsǷΪ

/VǷڼʱʾڴ.

/L:letter ̷

/m:number ָĿ

Ӧע:?smartdrv.exe ٶԹĶд,Ӧautoexec.

batнmscdex.?exe дsmartdrv.exe ֮ǰ,smartdrv.exeʹÿɴ

Ķд.

ʮmsdʹ

ʹmsd üϵͳϢ

:?,cpu,ڴС,ʾ,.,

IRQռ,ݴ˿Է豸Ƿԭ豸гͻ.

ͬʱҲͨڴפ,жڴǷв,Ϊ"???".

ʮһprompt dosʾ

$q ں $t ǰʱ $d ǰ $p ǰ

$$ $ʾ $nǰ $g ں $lСں $b ʾ"|"ܵ

$h ȥʾ $Eʾ"<-"

,ֱʾıprompt ljw,ʾΪljwʾ

prompt ʾǰżں.

ʮramdrive.sysʹڴ浱ʹ

Ӧע,ݶڴ,Ӧʱ浽Ӳ,

󽫶ʧȫ,ŵٶȿ,windowsʹ.

ʾ:config.sys: device=c:\dos\ramdrive.sys /size[/e|a]

sizeΪkΪλֽ,̵ĴС.

/e/a ʹչڴ,?ӲǰǱȼڴ

himem.sysemm386.exe.

ʮsubstһһĿ¼

:A:\l1\l2 Ŀ¼ӳΪS,

subst s: a:\l1\l2 

ʹdir s:?ʾa:\l1\l2Ŀ¼µ,copy del һ

subst s: d ȡӳ.

subst ʾ

ע:?Բsubst a: c:a һAĶд.ĳЩװ

˵,?ʹAװ,ͿʹȽҪװȫC:a

Ŀ¼,Ȼsubst a: c:a,תA:,ͿԽİװ.

ʮġmem /c /m /p /d ڴʾ

/cʾڴפռ,Ϊconventionalڴuppermemory

߶ڴռ,ʾܵռ( ߶  չڴ)

/pҳʾ,ҳͣ

/mģ :/m msdos ʾdosϵͳڴռ.

/dԳ ߶  չڴϸ˵

ͨ,ԿڴռǷ,ԼֳǷ,Ӷڴ˻

ʹڴŻmemmakerиֹ,ͬʱֿԷһЩ

ԭ,еĵطʾ"???",Զ϶ڴвĴ,ڷּ.

ʮ塢ֹܵߵʹ"> < >> <<"

ɵҪ¶

:dir *.bat /b>p Խdir *.bat ļpļ.

time<p>>p.bat

pļнһس,Խʱ׷ӽp.batļ

"> >>" ǽ¶,絽ļӡ.

>>ݽ׷ӽļ,>ԭļݸ.

"< <<" ǽҪ¶.

:time<p пʱس,Դ˸ıʱ.

Ҫ˵ "prn "Ϊӡ, "null"Ϊ豸

con Ϊʾ

type p.bat>prn ɽp.batӡ.

copy null p ɽpļɾ

copy con p Ļϱ༭pļ,F6Դ˳

type p>pp pļpp ĸ

type p|more ʱͣʾ

ʮmove 

move [y/-y] filename1 filename2

ļ1ƶļ2

:move c:\dos\*.* c:\cced

dosĿ¼µļȫƶcced Ŀ¼

/y|-yĿĿ¼Ҫʱ,Ƿʾ

ʹø޸Ŀ¼, move dos cced

dosĿ¼Ϊcced

ʮߡappendָһЩļĴλ,user.dat pe2.proһЩ*.

exe *.com *.bat ļ

ʽ:append [:]ֹǰڵָĿ¼ append ʾָ

append [path] append c:\user 

ʮˡ

callһеһļ

(1)ֹļ,ִó.

(2)bat Ϊչ

(3)ļʱ,Լϲ(%1-%9)Լ%baud%

(4)ʹùܵ߼ض򹤾

ʮšdevice devicehigh loadhigh

device ָ豸װڴ

devicehighָ豸װ߶ڴ

loadhigh ָ豸װ߶ڴ

ʮdefrag Ż

legend() optimize(Ż) elapse(ȥ) fragment(Ƭ)

ִжָ̽Ż(ļ,ļ״̬,

),ִʱ,ɰļС,ʱ,չļ. 
